GRAMMATICAL TENSES
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komentar
RUMUS TENSES
BAHASA INGGRIS
Simple Present Tense
Rumus
|
Subject +
Verb 1 (present form)
|
Kata Sinyal
|
always, every, never, normally, often, sometimes, usually, seldom
|
Kalimat Positif
|
He always works very hard in the company
|
Kalimat Negatif
|
He does not work very hard in the company.
|
Kalimat Tanya
|
Does he work very hard in the company?
Yes, he does. / No, he does not. |
Simple
present tense adalah bentuk tense yang paling umum digunakan. Bentuk ini
biasanya digunakan untuk menunjukan fakta,
kebiasaan, dan kejadian yang terjadi pada saat ini.
Present Continuous Tense
Rumus
|
Subject +
am/is/are + Verb -ing (continuous form)
|
Kata Sinyal
|
at the moment, just now, now, right now, Listen!, Look!
|
Kalimat Positif
|
Look! He is talking with his classmates.
|
Kalimat Negatif
|
He is not playing computer games now.
|
Kalimat Tanya
|
Is he playing computer games at the moment?
Yes, he is. / No, he is not. |
Present
continuous tense biasanya digunakan untuk membicarakan aksi yang sedang berlangsung saat pembicaraan sedang berlangsung atau bisa juga
digunakan untuk rencana di masa depan.
Present Perfect Tense
Rumus
|
Subject +
has/have+ Verb III (past participle form)
|
Kata Sinyal
|
already, ever, just, never, not yet, so far, till now, up to now
|
Kalimat Positif
|
He has already finished his homework.
|
Kalimat Negatif
|
He has not been to Australia so far.
|
Kalimat Tanya
|
Has he completed the arrangement for the coming event up to now?
Yes, he has. / No, he has not. |
Present
perfect tense menekankan pada hasil. Tense ini
menunjukkan aksi yang masih sedang
berlangsung atau baru saja selesai.
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Rumus
|
Subject +
HAS/HAVE + BEEN + Verb -ing (continuous form)
|
Kata Sinyal
|
for the past 5 years, how long …?, the whole week, since xxxx
|
Kalimat Positif
|
He has been working here since 1996.
|
Kalimat Negatif
|
He has not been speaking for the last 3 hours.
|
Kalimat Tanya
|
Has he been playing the computer game all day?
Yes, he has. / No, he has not. |
Present
perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan aksi yang telah selesai pada suatu titik dimasa lampau atau aksi telah
dimulai di masa lalu dan terus berlanjut sampai sekarang. Biasanya aksi
tersebut ada durasi waktu tertentu dan ada relevansinya dengan kondisi
sekarang.
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Simple Past Tense
Rumus
|
Subject +
Verb II (past form)
|
Kata Sinyal
|
yesterday, 2 minutes ago, in 1996, last Thursday, this morning
|
Kalimat Positif
|
Last year, he always worked until night.
|
Kalimat Negatif
|
He did not go to school this morning.
|
Kalimat Tanya
|
Did he pay the bill yesterday? Yes, he did. / No, he did not.
|
Simple past
tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu kejadian yang terjadi di masa lampau.
Past Continuous Tense
Rumus
|
Subject +
WAS/WERE + Verb -ing (continuous form)
|
Kata Sinyal
|
when, while, as long as, at this time yesterday
|
Kalimat Positif
|
He was speaking when I entered in room.
|
Kalimat Negatif
|
He was not doing his homework at this time yesterday.
|
Kalimat Tanya
|
Was he writing the letter to his parents when I was out last Tuesday?
Yes, he was. / No, he was not. |
Past
continuous tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan bahwa suatu aksi sedang terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa lampau. Biasanya ada dua
kejadian di masa lampau dan satu
kejadian menginterupsi kejadian yang lain.Kejadian yang sedang
diinterupsi tersebut yang menggunakan past continuous tense.
Past Perfect Tense
Rumus
|
Subject +
HAD + Verb III (past participle form)
|
Kata Sinyal
|
before yesterday, till three days ago, already, until that day
|
Kalimat Positif
|
He had finished his designs before he went to work yesterday.
|
Kalimat Negatif
|
He had not been a high school student until last year.
|
Kalimat Tanya
|
Had he entered the company before he achieved his master degree in 1990?
Yes, he had. / No, he had not. |
Past
perfect tense digunakan untuk menunjukkan sebuah kejadian yang terjadi sebelum waktu tertentu di masa lampau dan lebih menekankan pada fakta daripada durasi.
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Rumus
|
Subject +
HAD + BEEN + Verb -ing (continuous form)
|
Kata Sinyal
|
for, since, the whole day, all day
|
Kalimat Positif
|
He said that he had been working here for ten years.
|
Kalimat Negatif
|
He was told that his teacher had been waiting for him since 2 p.m
yesterday.
|
Kalimat Tanya
|
Had he been speaking for the whole class before I entered?
Yes, he had. / No, he had not. |
Past
perfect continuous tense hampir serupa dengan past perfect tense. Digunakan
untuk mengungkapkan suatu aksi yang
terjadi di masa lalu dan telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu tertentu di masa
lalu, tapi tense ini menekankan
pada durasi kejadiannya.
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